Achieving Flight
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  • Home
  • Remembrance
    • First Flight
    • Monuments
    • Models
    • People
    • Photos
  • Performance
    • Elastic Scattering
    • Videos/Movies
    • Wing Performance
    • Parabolic Wings
  • Documents
    • Supporting Documents
    • Patents
    • Magazine Articles

Entangled Timelines

Year Age Date Montgomery Activity Other Activities
1847   Feb. 11       Thomas Alva Edison born
1848   Jan.       Gold discovered at Sutter's mill
1849       Montgomery's mother Ellen Bridget Evoy and her mother Bridget travel to California   Sir George Cayley designed, built, and had flown a small biplane for a short distance 
1850       Montgomery's father Zachariah Montgomery arrives in California in search of gold    
    Sept. 9       California admitted to Union (31st state)
1851            
1852            
1853           Sir George Cayley developed and had flown a larger craft
1854   June 30       Thomas Scott Baldwin born
    July   Zachariah Montgomery marries Helen Frances Graham    
1855   Dec.   Thomas Graham Montgomery born    
            James Clerk Maxwell, 1855 to 1873, develops Electromagnetic equations
1856       Helen Frances Graham dies    
    July 10       Nikola Tesla Born (lives to Jan. 7, 1943, age 86)
1857   Apr. 28   Parents Zachariah Montgomery and Ellen Bridget Evoy marry. (They care for Thomas Graham.)    
    Sept. 11       Mountain Meadows Massacre (Utah)
1858 0 Feb. 15   John Joseph Montgomery born in Yuba City, CA with twin Zachariah Jr    
1859 1         Darwin publishes "On the Origin of Species"
    Aug. 28   Sister Mary Clotilda Montgomery born    
1860 2          
1861 3     Sisters Rose Ellen & Margaret Helena Montgomery born (twins)    
            Richard Bell, SJ born
    Apr. 12       Civil War begins
    Dec. 29   Thomas Graham and twin Zachariah Jr die after eating poisonous mushrooms    
1862 4          
1863 5     Family moves to Oakland    
    Jan. 8       Groundbreaking of Central Pacific RR at Sacramento
    Apr. 3   Brother Richard Joseph Montgomery born    
1864 6     Sister Rose Ellen Montgomery dies (age 3)    
1865 7         Jules Verne publishes "The Journey to the Moon"
            Louis Pierre Mouillard makes a successful attempt to fly
    Feb. 28   Brother James Patrick Montgomery born    
    Apr. 9       Civil War Ends
    July       Groundbreaking of Union Pacific RR in Omaha, Nebraska
1866 8         Foundation of the Royal Aeronautical Society
            Joseph Bayma, SJ publishes "The Elements of Molecular Mechanics" 
1867 9 Apr. 16       Wilbur Wright born
1868 10          
1869 11     Sister Jane Elizabeth Montgomery born   Joseph Bayma, SJ becomes president of St. Ignatius College
    Jul. 4   Sees Frederick Marriott's exhibition balloon flight at Emeryville    
    May 10       Transcontinental RR completed
1870 12     Attends elementary classes at St. Joseph's Academy    
            Franco-Prussian War, July 19, 1870–May 10, 1871
1871 13         Joseph Neri, SJ displays electric light at St. Ignatius in San Francisco
            Otto Lilienthal becomes interested in bird flight and possible airplane configurations
    Aug. 19       Orville Wright born
1872 14          
1873 15 Jan. 23       Joseph Neri, SJ gives physics lecture series at St. Ignatius
    Apr. 1   Future wife Regina Cleary born    
1874 16     Attends Santa Clara College    
    Apr. 9       Joseph Neri, SJ exhibits electric light with Alliance Machine from Paris
1875 17     Attends St. Ignatius College, commuting by ferry from Oakland   Octave Chanute becomes interested in aviation during a visit to Europe in 1875
1876 18 July 4       Joseph Neri, SJ displays Arc Lights in San Francisco for Centennial celebration
1877 19     Becomes interested in aeronautics    
    Jan. 5       Joseph Neri, SJ goes to Santa Clara to teach physics
1878 20          
1879 21 Mar. 14       Einstein born
        Receives BS, St. Ignatius College    
    Jun. 5   Gives lecture on "Electric Light ..." at Commencement, St. Ignatius College    
    Jun. 30       California Electric Light Co. incorporated (before NY & London)
1880 22         Joseph Bayma, SJ moves to Santa Clara College
    Feb. 10   Attends dedication of new exhibition hall at St. Ignatius College    
        Receives MSc, St. Ignatius College    
1881 23         Louis P. Mouilllard (of Algeria & Egypt) publishes "L'Empire de l'Air" and makes flights (~138 ft)
1882 24         San Diego opens first public library
    Sept.   Joins family at Fruitland Ranch near Otay Mesa. Sets up laboratory, studies wing-warping of birds, designs first aeroplanes    
1883 25 Aug. 28   Builds and flies first gull-winged glider for 600 ft    
1884 26     1884 & 1885: Builds 3 gliders with help of Charles Burroughs    
    Nov. 18   Awarded patent for Devulcanizing and Restoring Vulcanized Rubber    
1885 27 Nov.       Arrival of Transcontinental RR in San Diego
1886 28     Begins 7 year study of fluid flow at Fruitland Ranch    
1887 29          
1888 30 May 1       Tesla awarded US patents for" Electro-magnetic motor" and "Electrical Transmission of Power"
1889 31         Lilienthal publishes "Der Vogelflug als Grundlage der Fliegekunst" (Bird flight as a Basis of Aviation) with test results showing the advantages of a cambered wing.
1890 32         Octave Chanute becomes interested in heavier-than-air flight
1891 33         Octave Chanute collects all the data that he can find from flight experimenters around the world and publishes it as a series of articles in The Railroad and Engineering Journal from 1891 to 1893.
             
            Lilienthal's first successful flights.
1892 34         Otto Lilienthal flies over 90 yards in his Südende-Glider
    Feb.7       Joseph Bayma, SJ dies (age 75)
1893 35 Aug. 1-4   Delivers paper at Int'l Conference On Aerial Navigation, Chicago, “Discussion on the Various Papers on Soaring Flight." Meets Octave Chanute   Octave Chanute organized this highly successful International Conference on Aerial Navigation.
        Writes manuscript "Soaring Flight" that documents fluid flow studies   Otto Lilienthal flies about 250 m in his Maihöhe-Rhinow-Glider
1894 36     Joins faculty of St. Joseph's College, Rohnerville, CA   Chanute publishes "Progress in Flying Machines"
        Continues studies of air and water impacts on edged surfaces, parabolic and plane; builds & flies models.   Otto Lilienthal goes with his Normal soaring apparatus in the first serial production of a glider.
1895 37     Rejoins family at Oakland    
    Aug. 20       Otto Lilienthal's US patent for an aircraft design is approved
            Otto Lilienthal publishes "Prometheus", defining theoretical problems of flight
    Oct. 30   In letter to Montgomery, Chanute chides him on "erroneous ideas" of colliding elastic bodies    
    Nov. 12   Awarded patent for Petroleum Burner    
1896 38     Takes up residence at Santa Clara College   Creation of Electric Utility in Santa Clara
        1896-1904: Experiments with larger 4- and 8-foot wingspan models at Aptos.    
        Constructs Pink Maiden with sister Jane's help    
        Perfects equilibrium and wing-warping; builds wind tunnel for experiments.    
    May 6       Samuel Pierpont Langley flies a steam-powered model plane along the Potomac River for 1/2 mile
    June       Octave Chanute organizes a flyer camp at Lake Michigan, testing a Lilienthal-glider and a biplane built by Chanute
    Aug. 10       Otto Lilienthal dies in a 50-ft drop and crash from a biplane glider, at age 48
            Octave Chanute and associates build and fly a series of hang gliders in Indiana
1897 39         Frederick William Lanchester publishes "The Soaring of Birds and the Possibilities of Mechanical Flight" 
    Nov. 9   Addresses So. Cal. Acad. Sciences:“The Mechanics Involved in a Bird's Wing in Soaring and Their Relation to Aeronautics"    
    May 18       Octave Chanute receives patent (nearly identical to Lilienthal's of 1895)
            Louis P. Mouillard granted patent for planform configuration with ailerons for lateral control
    July       Guglielmo Marconi awarded first US patent for "Transmitting electrical signals"
1898 40     1898–1905 works part time with Richard Bell, SJ on improvements to Marconi wireless   The Langley Aerodrome is commissioned by the United States Army Signal Corps
1899 41          
    May 30       Wilbur Wright requests available information on flying machines from the Smithsonian
            The Wright brothers begin experimenting with wing-warping as a means of controlling an aircraft.
    Oct. 2       Percy Pilcher dies in England in a hang glider accident, slowing Great Britain's aircraft development for a decade
1900 42          
    May       Wrights write to Octave Chanute after reading "Progress in Flying Machines"
    Oct. 6 - 23       Wrights test their 1900 glider No. 1 at Kitty Hawk
    fall       Wrights begin extensive correspondence with Octave Chanute
    Sept. 3   Father Zachariah Montgomery dies (age 75)    
1901 43     Awarded honorary PhD in physics by Santa Clara College   Wrights attempt turning flights, with negative results and return to Dayton in defeat
    June 19       Samuel Pierpont Langley flies a quarter-scale steam-powered model plane
    July       Wright's glider No. 2 is tested at Kitty Hawk
    Nov.-Dec.       The Wright brothers optimize their No. 3 Glider wing design with the help of wind tunnel measurements
1902 44         Martin Wilhelm Kutta publishes "Lifting Forces in Flowing Fluids"
        Meets Thomas Scott Baldwin (ends badly)    
    Feb. 4       Charles Lindbergh born
    winter       Wrights construct wind tunnel for testing lift and drag
    Sept. -Oct.        Wrights test and modify glider No. 3 during more than 400 (or 700?) flights
1903 45     Conducts electric experiments with Richard Bell, SJ    
    Feb. 12       Orville Wright & Charles Taylor test 12-hp 180 lb engine they designed and built
            Santa Clara converts from DC to AC current
            Neri becomes blind
    Apr. 30       The St Louis Aeronautical Exposition opens in Missouri, a highlight is Octave Chanute launching a replica of his 1896 glider.
    Autumn   Completes two full-size aeroplanes    
    Sept. 25       Wrights begin testing power plant at Kitty Hawk
    Nov. 3   Awarded patent for Concentrator    
    Dec. 17       Wrights achieve first powered flight of heavier-than-air machine
1904 46         Ludwig Prandtl publishes “Fluid Flow in Very Little Friction”
    May 20   The Montgomery Aeroplane in Scientific American    
        Hires and trains aeronaut  Daniel John Maloney    
    May 23       First flight attempt, unsuccessful, of the Wright Flyer II
    Jun.–July   Test flies aeroplanes from poles at Peter Cox's Ranch    
    Aug.   Test flies aeroplanes at Leonard's Ranch    
    Sep. 20       Wilbur Wright makes the first circuit flight in the Flyer II.
    Nov. 9       Wilbur Wright flies the Wright Flyer II 3 miles near Dayton, Ohio, first flight longer than five minutes.
1905 47 Mar. 16, 17, 20   Successful balloon-lift flights from 800, 1,100 and 3,000 ft, up to 18 min. at Aptos." Flew around in different directions, circling, darting back and forth, up and down, as easily as an eagle."    
    Apr. 4       Octave Chanute letter to Wrights about Montgomery's "bold performance in California"
    Apr. 11   Writes letter to Chanute about flights at Leonard's Ranch    
    Apr. 16   Chanute letter to Montgomery congratulates him on "boldest feat ever attempted …"    
    Apr. 29   Daniel Maloney flies from 4,000 ft, for 8 miles, 15 min. in Santa Clara. "Performing complete circles, right and left 360 degree turns, 180 degree turns, and figure eights."    
    Apr.   Begins one-year correspondence with Octave Chanute, who passes his ideas and plans on to the Wrights    
    Apr.–May   Publishes "The Aeroplane, a Scientific Study" in The Redwood    
    May 21   Public demonstration fiasco (Santa Clara and sabotaged California) at San Jose Agricultural Park    
    Jun. 23       Wright Flyer III first flight
    July   The Montgomery Aeroplane in Popular Mechanics    
    Jul. 14       Orville Wright has a serious crash with Wright Flyer III, upon which the they radically alter the aircraft.
    Jul. 18   Daniel John Maloney falls to his death. Cause was an errant balloon rope tangled with mast, breaking it.   Albert Einstein publishes his paper on Brownian motion, establishing existence of molecules
    Sep.       The Wright Brothers resume flights with the re-designed Flyer III, flights > 20 minutes now occur.
    Oct. 5       Wilbur Wright makes a flight of 24.2 miles in Flyer III,  39:23 minutes at Huffman Prairie in Dayton, Ohio
    Nov. 25   Publishes "New Principles in Aerial Flight" in Scientific American    
1906 48         Nikolay Yegorovich Joukowski develops equation for the lift of a cylinder
        Writes "Our Tutors in the Art of Flying" (published posthumously in 1915 in Aeronautics)    
    March       Richard Montgomery tries to interest War Dept. in Montgomery aeroplanes
    Apr 18   San Francisco Earthquake and Fire - forces hiatus in flights    
    May 22       Wrights receive patent #821,393 for their 1902 glider No. 3 with "mormally flat wings."
    Sept. 18   Patent #831,173 received for Flying Machine, with wing warping    
        Hires Cornelius Reinhardt    
1907 49         Frederick William Lanchester publishes a two-volume work “Aerial Flight” 
    Jan. 10   Cousin Bishop George Montgomery dies    
    Oct. 28-29   Presents paper at Aero. Congress, New York: "Principles Involved in the Formation of Winged Surfaces and the Phenomenon of Soaring"    
1908 50         Jean Perrin verifies Einstein's predictions on Brownian motion - final proof of existence of molecules
    May 14       Charles Furnas becomes the first passenger in an aeroplane in the US, piloted by Wrights
    Jul. 4       Glenn H. Curtiss is awarded the Scientific American trophy for a public flight of over 1 km.
    Aug. 8       Wilbur Wright makes his first flights at the Hunaudières racetrack at Le Mans, France.
    Sep. 3       Orville Wright begins trials at Fort Myer Virginia in a new Wright Model A flyer.
    Sep. 8       Orville Wright flies 1 hour 3 minutes and 15 seconds
    Sep. 17       Lieut. Thomas Etholen Selfridge dies in crash with Orville Wright - first motorized airplane fatality
    Nov.   Publishes "Principles Involved in the Formation of Winged Surfaces and the Phenomenon of Soaring" in Aeronautics    
    Dec. 18       Wilbur Wright, at Camp d'Auvours. flies 62.0 mi in 1 hour 54 min rising to 360 ft - a new world record.
    Dec. 31       Wilbur Wright wins prize of FF 20,000 from Michelin for longest flight (world record) - 76.6 mi in 2 hrs 18 min
            1908 Aircraft Fatalities: 1
1909 51     Works on Telautoprint Machine    
        Publishes "Some Early Gliding Experiments in America" in Aeronautics    
    Jul. 30       Orville Wright flies with passenger, completing flight tests in the Wright Military Flyer for theU.S. Army;
            The Army buys the airplane for $30,000.
    Aug.       First International Air Races held in Reims. Glenn Curtiss wins Major Prize
    Nov. 22       Wright Company established (defunct in 1916)
            1909 Aircraft Fatalities: 5, 1 in US
1910 52         Martin Wilhelm Kutta publishes “About a Two-dimensional Flow Related to the Basics of Flight Problems"
            Theodore von Kármán emphasizes importance of Reynolds Number
    Jan. 10-20       The first aviation meet held in the US, the 1910 LA Internation Air Meet at Dominguez Field, is held near LA
    Apr. 21-23   Presents “The Origin of Wing Warping”  to Aeronautical Society of New York    
    May   Presentation published in Aeronautics    
    Spring   A motor is installed in the Santa Clara aeroplane and flown successfully    
    Jun. 30   Marries Regina Cleary    
    Nov. 1   Awarded patents for Rectifying Electric Currents and for Compelling Electric Motors …    
    Nov . 23   Brother James Montgomery marries Rita Madden (Only sibling to marry; they will have four children.)    
    Nov . 23       Octave Chanute dies in Chicago (age 78)
            1910 Aircraft Fatalities: 22, 1 in US
1911 53     Builds camp at Evergreen to resume gliding experiments.   Lougheed publishes his book "Vehicles of the Air"
    Oct. 18-31   Successfully completes some 55 flights in Evergreen aeroplane    
    Oct. 24       Orville Wright soars in a glider 9 minutes and 45 seconds over dunes near Kitty Hawk, North Carolina.
    Oct. 31   John Joseph Montgomery dies in an accident with his Evergreen glider (age 53).    
            1911 Aircraft Fatalities: 70, 18 in US
1912           Alan and Malcom Loughead found what will become the Lockheed Corporation
    May 30       Wilbur Wright dies of typhoid fever at age 45 (Orville dies in 1948 at age 76)
    June       Santa Clara College becomes a University
    July 8   Vierra brothers, Joseph and Edward, lose remaining Evergeen glider as it sails seaward    
    Aug.       Glen L. Martin Company founded
            1912 Aircraft Fatalities: 89, 20 in US
1913   July–Feb.1914       Wright Model C planes fail Army tests after killing several men
            1913 Aircraft Fatalities: 124, 16 in US
1914   July 28       The Great War begins in Europe
    July 30   Montgomery family hires Frank A. Garbutt to handle their suit against government    
            1914 Aircraft Fatalities: 84, 9 in US
1915   Mar. 3       NACA (forerunner of NASA) founded
1916           Wright-Martin Company founded, merger of Wright and Martin Companies  (lasts only one year)
    Jan. 16   Otay dam break washes away Montgomery farm and all of John Montgomery's documents and planes    
            Glenn Curtiss founds the Curtiss Aeroplane and Motor Company
1917       Manufacturer's Aircraft Association formed    
    Mar. 27   Montgomery family fires Garbutt    
    Apr. 6       The US enters the Great War
    Sept.       Second Glen L. Martin Company founded
    Oct.   Montgomery family files lawsuit in Federal Court claiming Wright machines  employ Montgomery's wings    
1918           Ludwig Prandtl publishes “Wing Theory”
    July 12       Victor Lougheed presents proposal to US military to provide 100 or more Montgomery airplanes
    Nov. 11       The Great War ends
1919           Wright Aeronautical formed as successor to Wright-Martin Company
    Nov. 17       Joseph Neri, SJ dies (age 83)
1920            
1921            
1922           NACA develops variable density wind tunnel
1923   Apr. 15   Mother Ellen Bridget Evoy Montgomery dies (age 95)    
    May 17       Thomas Scott Baldwin dies (age 68)
    Oct. 29       Victor Lougheed awarded patent for "Wing for Flying Machines” 
1924            
1925            
1926            
1927   May 21       Charles Lindbergh arrives in Paris after flying 33-1/2 hrs from New York
1928   June 13   Court of Claims finally files decision, against Montgomery family, in favor of Wrights    
1929           The Curtiss-Wright Corporation is formed
1930           Pluto discovered
1931   Nov. 6   Sister Margaret Helena Montgomery dies (age 70)    
    Oct. 18       Thomas Alva Edison dies (age 84)
1932   Jan. 7   Brother Richard Joseph Montgomery dies (age 69)    
1933   Spr. 18       Victor Lougheed awarded patent for "Aerodynamic Surface"
    Oct. 26       Marconi visits Richard Bell, SJ at SCU
Year Age Date Montgomery Activity Other Activities
see also: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_aviation
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